{"id":10056,"date":"2008-11-22T00:49:37","date_gmt":"2008-11-22T00:49:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.muz.com.tr\/blog\/2008\/11\/22\/erozyonla-mucadele\/"},"modified":"2008-11-22T00:49:37","modified_gmt":"2008-11-22T00:49:37","slug":"erozyonla-mucadele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.fehmikiraz.com.tr\/index.php\/2008\/11\/22\/erozyonla-mucadele\/","title":{"rendered":"EROZYONLA M\u00dcCADELE"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnyada oldu\u011fu gibi T\u00fcrkiye’de de topraklar\u0131n yerinden ta\u015f\u0131narak uzakla\u015fmas\u0131 ve kaybolma s\u00fcreci erozyon olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130klim (ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar), topo\u011frafya, (arazi e\u011fimi), toprak derinli\u011fi, bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ve topraklar\u0131n fiziksel ve kimyasal  \u00f6zelliklerinin etkile\u015fimi sonucu olu\u015fan do\u011fal erozyonun yan\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle \u00fclkemizde arazilerin kabiliyetlerine (tar\u0131m, orman, mera, v.b) g\u00f6re kullan\u0131lmamalar\u0131 toprak kayb\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 en \u00f6nemli neden olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/span>\u00dclkemiz topraklar\u0131n\u0131n % 7,2’sinde hafif , % 20,0’sinde orta ve % 58,7’sinde ise \u015fiddetli veya \u00e7ok \u015fiddetli derecelerde erozyon problemi vard\u0131r. Erozyona u\u011frayan topraklar\u0131n % 99’u su erozyonundan, geriye kalan % 1’i de r\u00fczgar erozyonundan etkilenmektedir. Erozyondan etkilenen toplam alan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n miktar\u0131 57.2 milyon hektara ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

En \u00f6nemli \u00e7evre sorunu olan ve insan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 a\u00e7l\u0131\u011fa, yoksullu\u011fa ve g\u00f6\u00e7e zorlayan toprak erozyonu, ekosistemin bozulmas\u0131nda ve sular\u0131n kirlenmesinde de \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck etkendir.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizdeki akarsularla beraber ta\u015f\u0131nan verimli toprak miktar\u0131, Afrika’n\u0131n 22, Avrupa’n\u0131n 17 ve ABD’de olu\u015fan toprak kayb\u0131 miktar\u0131ndan 7 kat daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Her y\u0131l tar\u0131m, orman ve mera alanlar\u0131ndan toplam 500 milyon ton, verimli \u00fcst toprak erozyonla kaybedilmektedir. Ta\u015f\u0131nan bu miktar toprakla birlikte yakla\u015f\u0131k 9 milyon ton bitki besin maddeleri de kaybolmaktad\u0131r.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Erozyonu art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 en \u00f6nemli etkenler, ama\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 arazi kullan\u0131m\u0131, hatal\u0131 toprak i\u015fleme teknikleri, kent, sanayi, ula\u015f\u0131m ve benzeri yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f konumlanmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde erozyonun bu kadar fazla olmas\u0131 kaderimiz de\u011fildir. Al\u0131nacak \u00f6nlemler ile toprak kay\u0131plar\u0131 en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyelere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclebilir.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bunun i\u00e7in;<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Arazilerin kullan\u0131m kabiliyet s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131ndaki yeteneklerine uygun olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, bitkisel (an\u0131z \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc tar\u0131m), fiziksel  (teraslar) , k\u00fclt\u00fcrel (\u015feritsel tar\u0131m) v.b tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131, azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ya da s\u0131f\u0131r toprak i\u015fleme tekniklerine ge\u00e7ilmesi,    r\u00fczgar erozyonu problemi olan alanlarda ise r\u00fczgar h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren kam\u0131\u015f perdeler, \u00e7itler vb. gibi fiziksel \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131,  kumul alanlarda ise kendi yeti\u015fme ortam\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fc do\u011fal bitki t\u00fcrlerinin korunmas\u0131 ve iyile\u015ftirilmesi gibi \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dclke topraklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve ileriki y\u0131llarda g\u0131da g\u00fcvencesinin tehlikeye girmemesi i\u00e7in hem Devlet olarak makro \u00f6l\u00e7ekli erozyon \u00f6nleme plan ve programlar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlan\u0131p bir an \u00f6nce uygulamaya ge\u00e7ilmesi, hem de \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin bu konuda bilin\u00e7lendirilmeleri ve erozyonu \u00f6nleyici tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 konusunda e\u011fitilmeleri gerekmektedir.<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kamuoyuna sayg\u0131lar\u0131mla…<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Fehmi K\u0130RAZ<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Genel Ba\u015fkan <\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Ziraat Y\u00fcksek M\u00fchendisleri Birli\u011fi<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

Sakarya Cad. 30\/2 K\u0131z\u0131lay\/ANKARA
Tel: (+90) 312 4335981<\/p>\n

 <\/div>\n
NOT: <\/div>\n
– G\u00dcNDEM (ANKARA)<\/a><\/div>\n
– http:\/\/www.hurriyet.com.tr\/ankara\/10434030_p.asp<\/a><\/div>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00dcRK Z\u0130RAAT Y\u00dcKSEK M\u00dcHEND\u0130SLER\u0130 B\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

EROZYONLA M\u00dcCADELE <\/span><\/b><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

BASIN B\u0130LD\u0130R\u0130S\u0130<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

20 Kas\u0131m 2008<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.fehmikiraz.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10056"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.fehmikiraz.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.fehmikiraz.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.fehmikiraz.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.fehmikiraz.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10056"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.fehmikiraz.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10056\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.fehmikiraz.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10056"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.fehmikiraz.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10056"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.fehmikiraz.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10056"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}